Physics Tuition Singapore – Pressure Important Concepts
Pressure p is the force F acting on a surface divided by the area A of the surface. F = P/A
The SI unit of pressure is pascal (Pa) or newton per square metre (N m-2).
Pressure p at a certain depth h of a liquid with density p under the influence of gravitational field strength g is given by the following relationship: p = hpg
According to Pascal’s Principle, an extra pressure applied at any part of a body of liquid will be experienced throughout the liquid. In a hydraulic press, an extra pressure applied at one end will be experienced by the other end.
According to the Principle of Conservation of Energy, the work done at one end of a hydraulic press is equal to the work done at the other end. Fx x dx= Fy x dy
(where F is the force applied on/by the piston d is the distance moved by the piston)
Atmospheric pressure is exerted due to the weight of the atmosphere. Its average value at sea level is 1.013 x 105
The barometer is a simple device used to measure atmospheric pressure. The height of liquid level in the vacuum-filled tube increases if the atmospheric pressure increases.
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