Physics Tuition Singapore O level Physics Tuition – Kinetic Model of Matter Definitions

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Physics Tuition Singapore O level Physics Tuition – Kinetic Model of Matter Definitions

Key Definitions and Concepts 

1. The three common states of matter are solid, liquid and gas.
2. The particles of solids are closely packed together and vibrate about their fixed positions. The intermolecular forces of attraction between the particles are very strong.
3. The particles of liquids are randomly arranged and can move relatively freely. The intermolecular forces of attraction between liquid particles are weaker compared to those between solid particles.
4. The particles of gases are much further apart from each other than those of liquids or solids. They move in straight lines in random directions and collide with each other frequently. The intermolecular forces of attraction between the gas particles are very weak and often negligible.
5. Solids, liquids and gases have different properties with regard to shape, volume, density and compressibility.
6. Brownian motion is the continuous random motion of small particles in a fluid or a gas.
7. If temperature T increases, gas particles move at higher speeds.
8. The pressure p of a gas is caused by the continual collisions between the gas molecules and the walls of its container.
9. If the volume V of a gas is constant, then its pressure p is directly proportional to its temperature T .
10. If the pressure p of a gas is constant, then its volume V is directly proportional to its temperature T
11. If the temperature T of a gas is constant, then its pressure p is inversely proportional to its volume V

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