Chemistry Tuition Singapore – Chemical Bonding Definitions

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Chemistry Tuition Singapore – Chemical Bonding Definitions

1. An ion is a charged particle formed from an atom (or a group of atoms) by the loss or gain of electrons.
2. A cation is a positively charged ion formed when an atom loses valence electron(s).
3. An anion is a negatively charged ion formed when an atom gains electron(s).
4. A simple ion is an ion formed from single atoms, e.g. Na+. A polyatomic ion is an ion containing more than one kind of atom, e.g. NH₄+ or S0₄²
5. An ionic bond is the strong electrostatic force of attraction between positive and negative ions in an ionic compound.
6. A covalent bond is the bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two non-metal atoms.
7. A molecule is a small group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.
8. A metallic bond is the force of attraction between positive metal ions and the ‘sea of delocalised electrons’.

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