Biology Tuition Singapore – Animal Nutrition Important Concepts

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Biology Tuition Singapore – Animal Nutrition Important Concepts

1. Nutrition is the process of taking in food, absorbing the nutrients and using them for growth and development.
2. Holozoic nutrition is a method of nutrition, whereby animals, such as humans, take in and digest complex organic compounds, and absorb the useful products.
3. Feeding (ingestion) is the process of taking food into the body through the mouth (eating).
4. The digestive tract, or alimentary canal, is a system of tubular organs that extends from the mouth to the anus. It is sometimes called the gut.
5. Peristalsis is a series of wave-like contractions caused by two layers of antagonistic muscles in the gut wall.
6. Digestion is the breaking down of large food pieces into small soluble molecules, which can be effectively absorbed into the body.
7. Chyme is the semi-fluid, partly digested mass of food that is discharged by the stomach into the duodenum.
8. Absorption is the taking up of digested food substances, through the membranes of the intestinal cells, into the bloodstream and into the different cells in the body.
9. Assimilation is the conversion of absorbed food substances into protoplasm (for growth, reproduction and repair).
10. Deamination occurs when the amino groups of excess amino acids are removed and converted into urea.
11. Detoxification is the process of converting harmful substances, such as alcohol, into harmless substances.
12. Egestion is the elimination of undigested food as faeces.

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